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In the article emigrational processes and main directions in the exodus from the Polesie Voivodeship to countries of North and South America in the interwar period have been presented. Internal and external conditions of the exodus processes, including emigrational policy of the Second Commonwealth, have been taken into account. The Polesie Voivodship, constituting a part of the eastern borderlands...
The Japanese started coming to the United States at the end of the XIX century. The fact that they were not welcome was reflected in the US state and federal legislation. In the 1920s the Japanese society – embracing two generations – counted fewer than 300,000 people. The first generation, the Issei, were deprived of the right to naturalization. Their children, the Nisei – born in the United States...
The article aims to present transformation of Roman aristocracy in the Gaul territory in the V century. Analyzing rich legacy of Sydoniusz Apollinaris, who represented Gaul-Roman elites, we can recreate the picture of Gaul of his days – shown against the background of transformations taking place in the Roman Empire. The V century seems to be critical in the history of Gaul, as it was then that various...
This paper presents a very specific issue from the first campaign of World War II – fights between German cavalry and a Polish mixed battlegroup, which took place near the town of Myszyniec on 1 September 1939. Being aware of a very rich historiography referring to this subject, the author decided to focus on the tactical level of warfare in Poland, based on a case study. This very fragment of history...
Daughters of the Habsburgs, fulfilling the dynastic policy of the family, married European rulers. The aim was to enter into profitable alliances or gain prospective financial aid. In 1553 Katarzyna Habsburżanka (Catherine of Austria) married Zygmunt August (Sigismund II Augustus). It was not a happy marriage. Katarzyna was not able to give her husband a much awaited son, thus, form the end of the...
In the article I have examined the way in which the American West of 1863–1906 was shown in the Warsaw magazine “Wędrowiec”. I have mainly focused on articles published from the late 1870s to the year 1906, when the last issue of the weekly appeared. I have chosen this specific magazine, because it specialized in issues concerning geography and travel. Throughout the period when “Wędrowiec” was published,...
In the third period of Ukrainian prerevolutionary statehood, called Directorate, national groups took over the authority. As a result of various events, in February 1919 Symon Petlura became the leader of the republic. One of the most revolutionary decisions of the Directorate consisted in adoption of the act of autocephaly of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church. Although the episcopate of the Ukrainian...
After the defeat in the war against Poland, the Bolshevik leaders withdrew their support for the previous military policy of the Communist Workers Party of Poland (KPRP). Soldiers of Polish origin, who in 1920 had been delegated to the I Polish Red Army, were retransferred to the Red Army units, where they had formerly performed military service. After the ratification of the Riga Treaty of 16 April...
Thomas Jefferson’s views on the contemporary world were mostly based on his own travel observations and experience. The diplomat visited Europe only once, and stayed there between 1784–1789. The major purpose of his visit was a political mission, during which he had a chance to observe France and other European countries. The present article, devoted to Thomas Jefferson’s visit to the Old Continent,...
The article is concerned with the wardrobe of Polish ladies in the XVIII century, presenting fabrics, gowns, sportswear, coats, clothing elements and accessories. Polish fashionable ladies were highly influenced by French and English patterns. Elegant ladies of the XVIII century could be recognized by wearing corsets and onerous panniers. The XVIII century is characterized by two main fashion trends...
The article presents views of Florian Zebrzydowski (Hetman of the Crown, Greater Castellan of Lublin) concerning preparedness of castles for defence and the admissibility of their surrender. Zebrzydowski was the first person in the Commonwealth to formulate the need to rebuild castles and to introduce bastion fortification. He stressed that it was important to build field fortifications and to construct...
Podstawą niniejszej publikacji jest kopia pierwszego egzemplarza Raportu w sprawie nowego planu wojny na Zachodzie przechowywanego w Rosyjskim Państwowym Archiwum Wojskowym w Moskwie pod sygnaturą – fond 33987, op.-3, d.-279. k. 124–154.
Pafnucy Siehen, from Bielsk, was the founder of the Suprasl monastery. He was the one who had the biggest contribution to the creation of the first churches, financial security and determination of the status of the monastery in the Orthodox Church. The Siehen family incurred costs of raising the monastic congregation in Gródek. The Siehens, who co-founded the construction of the monastery, received...
This paper presents a very specific issue from the first campaign of World War II – fights between German cavalry and a Polish mixed battlegroup, which took place near the town of Myszyniec on 1 September 1939. Being aware of a very rich historiography referring to this subject, the author decided to focus on the tactical level of warfare in Poland, based on a case study. This veryfragment of history...
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